| The Hierarchical Model of Personality | The Measurement of Traits | Eysenck's Hypothetical Casual Explanations | The Biological Basis of Behavior and Neurosis | Intelligence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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What are the two fundamental personality dimensions, or superfactors?
extraversion versus introversion and emotionality versus stability
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What was Eysenck very active in developing?
Appropriate measures for quantifying his concepts
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What did Eysenck's first casual explanation trace?
the difference between extraversion and introversion to variation in central nervous system levels of inhibition and excitation
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Eysenck believed that introverts are more easily civilized because..
They have sensitive nervous systems
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What is practical or social intelligence?
The successful application of one's intelligence to life experiences.
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What is psychoticism characterized by?
The loss or distortion of reality and the inability to distinguish between reality and fantasy
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What mistake did Eysenck observe about inventory constructors?
They assumed that individuals answer questions truthfully
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What is the reticular activating system(RAS) primary function?
To regulate levels of arousal ranging from sleep to states of high alertness, thus the RAS controls the brain's level of excitability and it's responsiveness to stimuli.
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What does socialized behavior depend on?
On a well-conditioned conscience developed in childhood
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What are two variables that indicates a relationship between intelligence and personality?
Work speed and cognitive style
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What are psychopathy disorders characterized by?
Asocial and impulsiv behavior, egocentricity, and an absence of guilt.
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How can traits be measured?
People can be asked to rate themselves, psychologists can rate others, and a researcher can set up an experiment
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When does optimal performance generally occur?
At moderate levels of arousal
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What did Eysenck suggest about one becomes neurotic?
Neurotics become so because their cortical and emotional states interfere with the learning of appropriate responses or facilitate the learning of maladaptive ones.
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What did Eysenck believe was related to physiological mechanism for intelligence?
Evoked potential
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What is indicated by the personality dimensions of emotional stability-neuroticism and psychoticism
One has a leaning in certain directions, a constitutional predisposition.
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In the 20th century personality inventory questionnaires were developed to measure characteristics such as...
Intelligence, emotional instability, and extraversion-introversion.
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What casual connection did Eysenck suggest
A casual connection between biological functions of the brain and the basic personality dimensions of emotional stability-neuroticism and introversion-extroversion.
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What is a phenotype and where does it arise from?
The phenotype is the individuals observable appearance and behavior, and it arises out of the genotype's interaction with the environment.
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What causes variations in wave patterns in evoked potential tests?
Frequency of errors made within the brain in transmitting the incoming messages provoked by the stimulus.
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What is the order of the components that make up Eysenck's Hierarchical model of personality development?
Specific response, habitual response, trait, type
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What is criterion analysis?
He began with a hypothesis concerning a possible underlying variable, he then identified two criteron groups, he gave each group a questionnaire and observed how many yes and no answers there were in each group to each question. If it was clear there was
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Why is neuroimaging a potent supplement to the available techniques of personality research?
Because it can link simultaneous behavior ad processing to particular regions of the brain.
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How could neuroticism be viewed? (According to Eysenck)
Excessive stimulation discharged by the visceral brain, leading to a high degree of emotionality that may combine with and extremely high or low cortical arousal of the reticular activating system to form a particular neurosis.
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Physiological measure of intelligence would help us to avoid?
Culture bias
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