| Tube/IV Feedings | Physician-Assited Suicide and Active Euthanasia | To Treat of Not to Treat | Persistent Vegetative State | Determination of Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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What is "A"?
The predominant judicial opinion is that artificial feedings are:
A) Medical Interventions that may be withheld B) Comfort measures that must be given C) A standard of care for terminal patients D) If the glove fits you must acquit |
Active Euthanasia = the physician both supplies the means of death and is the final human agent in the events leading to the patients death.
Assisted Suicide = the patient swallows a lethal dose of drugs or activates a device to administer the drugs tha
Differentiate Active Euthanasia from Assisted Suicide:
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What is "difficult" patient?
A patient who does not follow medical advice, verbally abuses medical staff, and does not show up for appointments might be coined this kind of patient. Also, the opposite of "easy"
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What is "1 month"?
A vegetative state is considered "persistent" if it has lasted for more than...
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What is "the irreversible loss of functioning in the entire brain - both the cortex and brainstem"?
How is brain death defined in the United States?
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What is "impersonal"?
Ironically, artificial feedings, as compared to hand feedings, might be considered more…
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What is...
1) Respect for patient autonomy 2) Compassion for patients who are suffering
Give one of the two reasons in favor of assisted suicide or active euthanasia:
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What is "abandonment"?
If a physician decides to terminate a doctor-patient relationship and does not provide the patient adequate time to find another physician, this may be considered...
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What is the "cerebral cortex"?
The part of the brain that is functionless in patients in vegetative states.
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What is "cardiopulmonary arrest"?
The definition of death before brain death was adopted.
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What are "drugs and medical devices"?
The Food and Drug Administration considers artificial feedings the same as…
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What is "find out the reasons for the request"?
When confronted with requests for assisted suicide or active euthanasia, what is the first thing a physician must do?
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What is the "Americans with Disabilities Act"?
Under this law physicians are forbidden from declining to care for patients on the basis of race, sex, national origin, religion or disability, unless under direct threat of harm.
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What is a "minimally conscious state"?
A condition where patients have some awareness, which may be intermittent and limited.
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Who are the "orthodox Jews, Native Americans, and Japanese"?
Name 2 of the 3 groups of people that believe a person is alive until he or she literally stops breathing:
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1) These arguments shift attention away from the individual patient to future patients or society as a whole
2) Empirical - there is little evidence for this 3) Assumes that artificial feedings differ in significant ways from other interventions
Some slippery slope arguments say that withholding tube feedings from severely demented patients could lead to inappropriate withholding of care in other situations. List 2 of the 3 problems that the book has with this notion:
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What is "depression" or "inadequate palliative care"?
Before a request for assisted suicide or active euthanasia can be addressed, what must the patient first be screened for?
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What is "allocation"?
This term refers to decisions that set levels of funding for programs rather than determining care for individual patients.
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What is "no, because the brainstem is preserved and functions such as breathing and circulation remain intact"?
Do patients in vegetative states usually require mechanical ventilation? Why or why not?
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What is the "Uniform Determination of Death Act"?
A law that many states have adopted that allows for a person to be declared dead if he or she meets either cardiopulmonary criteria or brain death criteria.
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What is aspiration pneumonia (46% of cases), and agitation leading to extubation (61% of patients)?
What are the two most common medical complications of tube feedings in the elderly?
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If opinions were given from all three team members, you get the 500 points!
Dr. Jack Kevorkian was a pathologist in the US well known for his practice of physician-assisted suicide to at least 130 patients. Dr. Kevorkian claims that he received proper informed consent from all of these patients. In all but one case, he claimed th
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What is "rationing"?
This term refers to limiting beneficial health care because it is too expensive.
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Debate!
The team who chose this category gets to pick a position and the other team must pick the alternative opinion: Is consciousness a necessary quality for the maintenance of a human life? Why or why not?
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1) Give time for family members to get to hospital to say goodbye
2) Maintaining the organs so they can be harvested 3) Until a fetus can be delivered safely
A patient is declared brain dead, give two good medical reasons why life-sustaining interventions may be continued
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