Early Scientific Theories | Scientific Method | Evolution | Hominoid Fossils | More Evolution |
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What is the idea that living things can arise from non-living things?
Spontaneous generation
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What part of an experiment is not affected by the variables?
Control group
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What was Darwin's idea that the fittest and strongest of each species were more likely to survive and reproduce than weaker, poorly adapted animals?
Natural selection
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In which of Darwin's works did he point out "similarities" between man and "other animals"?
The Descent of Man
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What was founded by Georges Cuvier and refers to similarities among organisms designed for the same environment but different in internal structure?
Analogy
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What is the idea that the universe consists of nothing but matter and energy and no spiritual or supernatural aspects?
Materialism
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What is it called when a hypothesis has passed the test of many well-designed experiments and has the support of other scientists?
Theory
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Based on Darwin's writings, what "science" sought to improve the human species by selectively breeding humans to produce a "master race"?
Eugenics
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What was one of the most famous "early human" fossils of the 20th century?
Piltdown man
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What was founded by Georges Cuvier and refers to similar organs that are also similar in internal structure?
Homology
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What is the theory that says all living things are composed of living units called cells and of cell products and that all cells come from preexisting cells?
Cell theory
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What is a tentative solution to a hypothetical problem?
Hypothesis
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What are the changes within a particular kind of organism (referring to variations in the gene pool within a population)?
Speciation
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What missing link was "reconstructed" from a single tooth?
Nebraska man
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What hypothesis states that an unborn baby, while developing in its mother's womb. goes through various stages of development that resemble different animals, providing a "replay" of man's evolution from a simple invertebrate to his present form?
Embryonic recapitulation
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What law says that living things can only come from other living things?
Law of Biogenesis
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What is the one factor being tested within an experiment?
Variable
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Layers in the geologic column are identified by the presence of what characteristic items?
Index fossils
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What are believed to be the first links within the chain of supposed human descent? What does the name mean?
Australopithecus (southern ape)
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What involves thinking seriously and rigorously about the phenomena of the physical universe and forming general principles to explain them?
Theoretical speculation
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What doctrine did Charles Lyell introduce in his book titled "Principles of Geology"? This was the idea that stated that the present is the only key to the past and that all things continue by natural processes at the same rates as they always have?
Uniformitarianism
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What is it called when a theory stands the test of time and is verified by experiment after experiment?
Scientific law
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What are fossils that would connect one kind of organism with another kind by a series of tiny steps (missing links)?
Transitional form
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What is the "last link" in the supposed evolution of man? They are considered identical to modern humans.
Cro-Magnon
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What is a quasi-religious idea that states that the earth and all the living things that inhabit the earth constitute a single living thing?
Gaia hypothesis
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