Early Scientific Theories Scientific Method Evolution Hominoid Fossils More Evolution
100
What is the idea that living things can arise from non-living things?
Spontaneous generation
100
What part of an experiment is not affected by the variables?
Control group
100
What was Darwin's idea that the fittest and strongest of each species were more likely to survive and reproduce than weaker, poorly adapted animals?
Natural selection
100
In which of Darwin's works did he point out "similarities" between man and "other animals"?
The Descent of Man
100
What was founded by Georges Cuvier and refers to similarities among organisms designed for the same environment but different in internal structure?
Analogy
200
What is the idea that the universe consists of nothing but matter and energy and no spiritual or supernatural aspects?
Materialism
200
What is it called when a hypothesis has passed the test of many well-designed experiments and has the support of other scientists?
Theory
200
Based on Darwin's writings, what "science" sought to improve the human species by selectively breeding humans to produce a "master race"?
Eugenics
200
What was one of the most famous "early human" fossils of the 20th century?
Piltdown man
200
What was founded by Georges Cuvier and refers to similar organs that are also similar in internal structure?
Homology
300
What is the theory that says all living things are composed of living units called cells and of cell products and that all cells come from preexisting cells?
Cell theory
300
What is a tentative solution to a hypothetical problem?
Hypothesis
300
What are the changes within a particular kind of organism (referring to variations in the gene pool within a population)?
Speciation
300
What missing link was "reconstructed" from a single tooth?
Nebraska man
300
What hypothesis states that an unborn baby, while developing in its mother's womb. goes through various stages of development that resemble different animals, providing a "replay" of man's evolution from a simple invertebrate to his present form?
Embryonic recapitulation
400
What law says that living things can only come from other living things?
Law of Biogenesis
400
What is the one factor being tested within an experiment?
Variable
400
Layers in the geologic column are identified by the presence of what characteristic items?
Index fossils
400
What are believed to be the first links within the chain of supposed human descent? What does the name mean?
Australopithecus (southern ape)
400
What involves thinking seriously and rigorously about the phenomena of the physical universe and forming general principles to explain them?
Theoretical speculation
500
What doctrine did Charles Lyell introduce in his book titled "Principles of Geology"? This was the idea that stated that the present is the only key to the past and that all things continue by natural processes at the same rates as they always have?
Uniformitarianism
500
What is it called when a theory stands the test of time and is verified by experiment after experiment?
Scientific law
500
What are fossils that would connect one kind of organism with another kind by a series of tiny steps (missing links)?
Transitional form
500
What is the "last link" in the supposed evolution of man? They are considered identical to modern humans.
Cro-Magnon
500
What is a quasi-religious idea that states that the earth and all the living things that inhabit the earth constitute a single living thing?
Gaia hypothesis






Biology Test (Chapter 13-14)

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