Natural Selection and Evolution | Evidence of Evolution | The Plasma Membrane | Neurons | Potpourri |
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What are variations?
This is our "vocab term" for differences between individuals.
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What are the lowest layers?
Fossils of organisms that lived extremely long ago are found in these layers of rock.
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What is hydrophobic?
This means "water-hating," and is a property of the tails of phospholipids.
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What is the axon?
This is the long part of a neuron that is often covered in myelin sheaths.
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What is competition?
This is a species interaction involving two species fighting over a shared, scarce resource.
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What is artificial selection (or selective breeding)?
This is a type of selection where humans are the ones doing the selecting.
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What is DNA?
Scientists can compare this, found inside the nucleus of cells, to determine degree of species relatedness.
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What is semi-permeable?
This is a property of the membrane that means that it lets some substances through while not allowing others through.
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What is a synapse (or synaptic cleft, or synaptic space)?
This is the connection between the axon of one neuron to the dendrites of another neuron, where neurotransmitters bind to receptors.
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What is genetic drift?
This is a mechanism of evolution in which allele frequencies of a population change over generations due to chance.
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What is intrasexual selection?
This is a type of selection where males fight each other for access to mates.
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What is an embryo (or fetus)?
This is the "vocab term" for the early stages of development of organisms, which scientists can compare to each other to infer that all forms of life are related.
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What is passive transport?
This is the general term for types of transport that happen without using ATP.
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What is depolarizataion?
This is the type of "polarization" that happens during an excitatory graded potential.
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What is adapt to change?
Generally speaking, extinction occurs because a species cannot do this.
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What is disruptive selection?
This mode of natural selection leads to both extremes of a trait being prevalent in a population.
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What are amino acids (or RNA, or DNA)?
All forms of life use these same biological molecules to make proteins.
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What is the concentration gradient?
Active transport typically moves substances against this.
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What is sodium?
This is the kind of atom that first rushes into a neuron during an action potential.
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What is the death of the host?
This is something that generally happens with parasitoidism that generally does not happen with parasitism.
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What are variations leading to differences in survival and reproduction?
For natural selection to occur, there need to be variations that are heritable, and also what?
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What is homologous?
Different species have these category of structures because they have a common ancestor that also had that structure.
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What is facilitated diffusion?
This is a type of passive transport that uses a carrier molecule to bring a substance across a membrane.
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What are the sodium-potassium pump and potassium leak channels?
These are the names of the pumps and the channels that set up a resting membrane potential (2 answers!)
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What is sympatric speciation?
This is the process by which new species arise while living in the same geographic location.
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