| Article 1 | Article 2 | Article 3 | The X Articles | Hodder Chapter 1-3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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What is Gender
BONUS: What are other ways that gender is/can be defined?
The relationships between concepts of male and female, masculine and feminine, men and women; it leaves open the possibility of there being more than two categories and even a spectrum
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What is Gender Archaeology
BONUS: What did this bring to field?
This subfield of archaeology arrived in the 1980s, bringing feminist influences to the field.
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What is the Manning ratio
BONUS: What are some limitations to this technique and does that affect its applicability?
Snow (2013) determined that 75% of the handprints in his sample of 32 to be women by using this technique.
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What is
Androcentrism BONUS: How has this manifested/ what does it entail?
Male-centric bias in archaeological research and interpretation is known as this.
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What is Human-made artifacts
BONUS: What are your thoughts on the idea that humans have affected the world on a large scale since the beginning of our existence?
Since humans affect the world on a large scale, and have as long as we have existed, all things are _____ to some degree.
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What is Content, expressions, and functions
BONUS: The article states “Gender studies should be about relations and processes, not fixed categories.” What are your opinions on this statement? Are there any pitfalls to this way of thinking? Can we identify differing relations and processes without fixed categories?
Gender’s ______, ______, and _____ vary among cultures and may change slowly or rapidly.
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What is Identity
BONUS: Do the listed aspects of identity need to be included in every analysis? Can they?
“The ways in which individuals and collectivities are distinguished in their social relations with other individuals and collectivities.” Ethnicity, gender, and sexuality are all aspects of this.
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What is Microscopic analysis
BONUS: What kind of information did the author say this technique could offer if used comparatively between different pieces of art? How does this relate to gender?
Thanks to this technique, the author says that archaeologists are able to determine the skill level of an artist in Paleolithic art.
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What is Costume, hairstyle (which follows age grade), and the skin color
BONUS: In the Minoan women article, there is a section titled “Age Grades in the Arts” that explains the “Six stages of a woman's life” as depicted. What are your opinions on these six stages? Do they differ from our ideas of life stages today?
These are the three ways of identifying women in Aegean art. (from Minoan Women)
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What is A thing
BONUS: Hodder ties things into self and identity. How do you feel about his discussion of these concepts?
A solid entity made or used by humans.
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What are Assumptions, prior expectations, and theoretical frameworks.
BONUS: What are ways that Western or modern frameworks of gender and sexuality can impact the archaeological record? Do you have an example of this, either from the article or from other experiences/classes?
Constant attention to _____, _____, and _____ are important when investigating gender in the archaeological record.
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What is Sexuality
BONUS: What do you think she’s getting at with this statement?
Meskell says this “must be considered in all its variability,” without isolating queer identities as “the primary locus of study.”
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What is Adolescents
BONUS: What are some inferences that can be made based on this conclusion?
Footprints were found leading into a cave in Tuc d’Audoubert, France which also housed detailed bison statues. One biological anthropology “specialist” concluded that, because of their small size, they must have belonged to _________.
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What is Ethnoarchaeological or ethnohistorical
BONUS: What is the basis of this approach and how is it more advantageous (or not) from others?
Conkey and Spector suggest that this method or approach to archaeology of gender is very promising for future research.
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What is Dependence
BONUS: How do you guys feel about dependence/dependency?
The concept that human use of things is enabling.
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What is Hunting
BONUS: How does this affect the idea of “Man the Hunter” and “Woman the Gatherer”?
This emerged late in human prehistory, about a half a million years ago.
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What is the Kennewick Man
BONUS: What were the issues here?
This North American find is a major example of the potential conflict between the scientific interests of archaeologists and the interests of living peoples.
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What is “Archaeologically invisible”
BONUS: How do you think this has influenced not only archaeological study, but society in general?
Cohen (2005:1) states that, “...women were considered for a long time [to be] __________.”
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What is Sex, pregnancy, childbirth, or lactation.
BONUS: How does this compare to art from other places? What about with art (photography, video, media, ect) today?
There are no overt references in Minoan art to these four aspects. (from Minoan Women)
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What is Production/reproduction, exchange, use, consumption, discard, and post-deposition
BONUS: Can you explain how each of these different connections are made?
These are the different forms of connection between things, according to Hodder.
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What is Archaeology of sexuality
BONUS: Do you believe that there should be a separation of an archaeology of sexuality and an archaeology of gender, or can they be grouped under the same "archaeology of ___" category?
Voss and Schmist (2000, 2002) said that this area of archaeology must include “any situation where sexual practices or meanings contribute to the construction of personal or group identity.”
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What is the living
BONUS: What is/should archaeology’s relationship with the living? Is it possible to separate ourselves from the living?
Throughout the article Meskell highlights that our subjects also include these, via discussion of identity politics, colonialism, the archaeology of racism, and the archaeology of diaspora.
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What is A “stereotype” or an “iconographic archetype”
BONUS: The authors attribute this to imitation and modification by other groups connected by “a network of exchanges.” How does the author’s findings support or refute their position on Paleolithic art and gender in this article?
The image of a female deer is a recurring motif in French Paleolithic art from sites between 16 and 14 kya. Although several cultures over this period seemed to imitate and modify this image as it spread throughout France, it is considered _________ of Lower Cantabrian Magdalenian culture.
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What is Sex, age, number, and relationships.
BONUS: How do these categories of differentiation compare to modern or Western differentiation?
These are the parameters that make up the ‘social aspect’ of the task-differentiation framework.
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What is Operational and behavioral
BONUS: What are the differences between these two methods?
These are the two “chains” of ways that things converge, as described by Hodder.
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