| Economic and Social Changes | The Government | The Three Presidents | The Depression and its Social Impact | The New Deal |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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The 19th Amendment
This Constitutional Amendment gave women the right to vote.
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Conservative
Which government party was mostly prominent in the 20’s?
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His presidency was considered naive and corrupt. Many scandals happened however they were being ignored because of how naive his government was.
How was Harding's presidency described?
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It was not a direct cause of the great depression. However because of the drought many farmers could not pay their taxes or debts. They were forced to sell their house.
How were farmers in the Mississippi Valley affected by the drought conditions?
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It was introduced because the Great Depression hit the US like a truck. The new deal tried to restore dignity
The first new deal was introduced because of? What did it set out to do?
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Communism
The rise of this political theory frightened people.
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America wanted to restabilize after the war, drawing focus away from Progressivism and towards Conservatism, especially after the Republican’s promise to “return to normalcy.”
How did WWI create a decline in Progressivism?
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He followed the virtues of honesty, morality, industry and frugality. As a result he did not want to regulate business and he did not want to affect government very much. Therefore, since the population was happy, not many scandals occurred during his presidency.
What were Coolidge's views on the presidency?
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The stock market crash caused stockholders to lose more than $40 billion. It eventually lead to the Great depression because america could not regain its losses fast enough.
What were the effects of the Stock Market crash of 1929?
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It was President Roosevelt's second shot to end The Great Depression.
The second new deal...
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Open Immigration Policy
The end of this policy caused a limit of “Aliens” that entered the country
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Nationalism allowed for a decline in some Progressive ideals. The new surge of nationalism allowed for a new sense of racism to spread among the population, as they wanted to hold onto their Caucasian and Protestant roots. Additionally, xenophobia was widespread due to nationalism. And so, any movement to help blacks or immigrants were generally denounced.
How did nationalism alter Progressivism?
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Although the citizens liked him, many people in government did not like him. He preached about rugged individualism and supported labor unions. However he did not want to actively participate in government. Also during his presidency many laws were rejected that would help the american people.
What were the main points addressed by Hoover’s presidency?
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Over 9,000 banks failed the surviving banks were then unsure of their future. Less loans were being given out by the banks which lead to less people spending money. Many people lost their money when banks failed because they were uninsured.
How were banks affected by previous bank failures?
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The Second New Deal was far more aggressive than the first one and it provided more securities to the unemployed.
Name 2 differences between the first and second new deal
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The Assembly Line
The advancement of this method of production helped to increase productivity and decrease the price of various products.
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Labor unions struggled in the 20’s due to the federal government’s favoritism of businesses. Government used anti-trust acts to disrupt unions and said it was unconstitutional for boycotting by labor unions.
How did the regard for labor unions change?
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They all did not want to play an active or heavy role in government.
Coolidge and Harding did not want to regulate business
What were the similarities between the 3 presidencies?
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Since less goods were being purchased less goods were also being produced. As a result the workforce was reduced leaving many people without jobs. Those people had a hard time making payments and their property was eventually taken away. Unemployment rates rose to more than 25%
How was the workforce affected by the reduction in purchasing?
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Successes: Roosevelt restored confidence in the American people, millions of people were given work in government projects, there was valuable work: building schools, roads and hospitals and Roosevelt rescued the banking system and saved capitalism.
Failures: There was a recession (The Roosevelt Recession) in 1937, the New Deal didn’t fix unemployment, the jobs created by The New Deal were only temporary and it was the most costly government program in American History, many of the projects could be accused of wasting money
Name 2 successes and 2 failures of the first New Deal
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The Smoot-Hawley Tariff
This encouraged people to buy American goods.
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Lack of unity
What was perhaps the biggest cause for decline of Progressivism?
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Hoover played an active role in business by supporting labor unions while the other 2 did not play an active role.
Harding had a lot of scandals that occurred while Coolidge did not have many
What were the differences between the 3 presidencies?
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The government created the tariff which altered the amount of tax on citizens. Because of the high tax on imports america traded less with other nations, therefore affecting america's foreign policy as well.
How did economic policy change due to government actions and how was foreign policy affected?
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Successes: Created the Works Progress administration, this provided work for the unemployed
Passed Wagner act which created the National Labor Relations Board, their job was to watch over Unions to prevent corps to mistreat their workers Social security act 1935 assured americans that if they ever got hurt on the job, lost their job at all, were handicapped in any way or became single mother, the government would give assistance. Failures: WPA was not allowed to compete with private industry so they had to focus on, making highways, schools, bridges and post offices It did not solve the Great depression either Workers grew more militant, started to demand more rights.
Name 2 successes and 2 failures of the second new deal
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