Components of Blood | The Blood Vessels and Heart | Don't Call it Breathing (Respiration) | Digestive Organs, Enzymes, and Juices | Digestive Organs, Enzymes, and Juices II |
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What are erythrocytes?
[red blood cells]
Thrombocytes, Leukocytes, and these make up the 'formed elements'
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What are arteries?
These vessels carry blood away from the heart. They may or may not be carrying large concentrations of oxygen.
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What are alveoli?
These air filled sacs in the lungs directly take part in gas exchange.
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What is mucus?
This component of saliva serves to lubricate food for easier passage.
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What is the duodenum?
This is the segment of the small intestine by where most digestive enzymes and juices enter.
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What is a decrease in pH?
[acidification]
An excess of carbon dioxide in the blood will result in this. The same process is currently occurring in our oceans.
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What are capillaries?
These blood vessels work to transfer nutrients between the blood and tissues. They are called the 'primary exchange vessels'.
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What is cellular respiration?
It is for this process that we require oxygen.
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What is peristalsis?
This is the involuntary movement of muscle that serves to move digestive substances along a passageway.
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What is the parotid, sublingual, and submandibular?
These three glands secrete saliva into the oral cavity.
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What is erythropoiesis?
This is the formation of red blood cells, or erythrocytes.
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What is the left ventricle?
This chamber pumps blood from the heart to the tissues of the body, not the lungs.
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What is the respiratory center?
This 'center' in the brain is responsible for establishing basic breathing pattern.
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What is bile?
This isn't really an enzyme, but it does serve to aid enzymes in the digestion of lipids.
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What is the induced fit model?
This model suggests that enzymes undergo a conformational change to fit their active site to the substrate. That is, they change shape.
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What is hemostasis?
This "-stasis" is the regulation of blood flow.
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What is tunica media?
This tunica layer is identified as a muscular wall in arteries and veins.
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What is negative pressure breathing?
This type of breathing is common to mammals. It is where air is forced into the lungs by increasing the volume of the chest cavity, thus reducing the pressure in the lungs
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What is the hepatic portal system?
This venous network acts to deliver blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver. Effectively routing everything absorbed after digestion through the liver.
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What are rugae?
These are the rigid folds in the stomachs' inner surface. They act to churn food.
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What is red bone marrow?
This is where most blood cells are formed. It is said to be a colorful place.
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What is elastin?
This extensible protein allows arteries to stretch and recoil.
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What is diffusion?
The process by where molecules move from a high concentration to a low concentration without the use of energy.
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What is pepsin?
A protease, this enzyme digests proteins. It is released in the stomach along with HCl.
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What is competitive inhibition?
Where inhibition is the regulation of enzyme activity, this specific type works by blocking the active site of the enzyme. Thereby, out competing the substrate.
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