Chemistry of Life Cell Structure and Function Energetics Cell Cycle Ends with -ase
100
What is water?
The only substance that commonly exists on Earth in solid, liquid and gas form at the same time.
100
What is a phospholipid?
Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi body and cell membrane are all made of this molecule.
100
What is photosynthesis?
Process that removes carbon from the atmosphere and moves it into the biosphere.
100
What is asexual reproduction?
Desert whiptail lizards create offspring in this manner, creating clones of themselves.
100
What is Interphase?
The longest part of the cell cycle, where DNA replication occurs.
200
What are enzymes?
RNA and proteins that can lower the activation energy of chemical reactions.
200
What are adjacent cells?
Desmosomes, tight junctions and gap junctions all connect these.
200
What is respiration?
Has both aerobic and anaerobic components to this metabolic process.
200
What is a growth factor?
Binds to a receptor which activates transcription factors.
200
What is protein-kinase?
This type of receptor adds phosphates to proteins changing the activity of the enzyme.
300
What is a condensation reaction?
Chemical reaction that combines monomers into a polymer releasing water.
300
What is osmosis?
Movement of water from a hypotonic area to a hypertonic area.
300
What is the electron transport chain?
The only shared process of the both respiration and photosynthesis creating ATP.
300
What is the mitosis checkpoint?
This checkpoint makes sure that metaphase has moved chromosomes appropriately.
300
What is anaphase?
Sister chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite poles.
400
What are lipids?
Steroids have a backbone of this macromolecule.
400
What are passive transport processes?
Diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis.
400
What is increasing the surface area inside the organelle?
The advantage of cristae in mitochondria and thylakoids in chloroplasts.
400
What is cytokinesis?
New cell wall material forms to separate two new plant cells.
400
What is lactase?
The enzyme that breaks down milk sugar.
500
What is a phosphodiester bond?
The bond that forms between a 5' phosphate of one nucleotide and the 3' hydroxyl of the next nucleotide.
500
What is an inhibitor?
Prevents the normal ligand from binding to a receptor site.
500
What is reduction?
Addition of hydrogens, and electrons, to a molecule.
500
What are cyclins?
Proteins that activate or inactivate target proteins that regulate the cell cycle.
500
What is a base?
The nitrogen-containing part of a nucleotide.






AP Biology Final Exam Prep

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