| Chemical Context: atoms and bonds | Properties of Water | It's all about the Carbon | Enzymes and Metabolism | Miscellaneous |
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What is the atomic number?
This number denotes the total number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
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What is a polar molecule?
[polar]
This type of molecule has atoms with different affinities for electrons (electronegativity), resulting in regions of differing charge.
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What is carbon and hydrogen?
Compounds are organic because they are largely made up of these two elements.
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What is metabolism?
This is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body.
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What is a nucleotide?
This is the basic unit of a nucleic acid.
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What is nitrogen?
Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and this element make up 96% of all living matter.
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What is cohesion?
Extra credit Q: What is adhesion?
This property of water is responsible for surface tension, which permits objects to float that should otherwise sink.
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What is dehydration synthesis?
[condensation reaction] Extra Credit Q: What reaction breaks down polymers?
Polymers are built up by this type of reaction.
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What are enzymes?
Extra Credit Q: Reducing the energy required has what overall effect on the chemical reaction?
These molecules work to reduce the activation energy required for a chemical reaction.
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What are compounds?
Extra credit: T/F: All compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are compounds.
These are molecules that have different types of atoms.
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What are intermolecular forces?
[H-bonds, Van der Waals]
These are relatively weak forces between molecules, unlike covalent and ionic bonds, which represent strong forces within molecules.
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What is 4?
This level of pH has 1,000 times more hydrogen ions (H+) than a pH of 7.
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What is a carbohydrate?
Extra Credit: What's the monomer of a carbohydrate?
This macromolecule is responsible for supplying energy, structural support, and cellular recognition; it also has a 1:2:1 ratio of C, H, and O.
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What is the active site?
This part of the enzyme is where substrates bind.
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What is a steroid hormone?
This molecule consists of four fused rings, and functions to deliver messages throughout the body.
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What is potential energy?
[energy]
Electrons on the outer orbitals have more of this than those on the inner orbital.
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What is less dense as a solid?
Without this property of water the titanic would never have sunk.
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What is a monomer?
This is the generic term for the basic units that make up larger molecules.
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What is Induced Fit?
This model of enzyme action suggests that the enzyme slightly changes to fit the substrate.
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What are isotopes?
These are variants of an element that have different numbers of neutrons.
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What is a meson?
This subatomic particle is responsible for holding protons and neutrons together in an atom's nucleus.
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What is carbonic acid?
[H2CO3]
The current drop in pH of our oceans is largely due to increased CO2 in the atmosphere reacting with water (H2O) to form this acid.
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What is the secondary structure?
Extra credit Q: How can DNA, and subsequently proteins, be so varied despite there being only 4 different types of nucleotides?
This level of protein structure is the result of hydrogen bonds between amino acids.
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What is Competitive Inhibition?
Extra credit: What's noncompetitive inhibition?
This is when an inhibitor binds to the active site of an enzyme, blocking the substrate from binding.
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What are co-factors?
Extra credit: What is the organic version called?
These are inorganic molecules that work to aid enzymes in chemical reactions; they too are not used up.
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[Mr. C will check]
On a whiteboard, draw the correct electron distribution for the element Iron (assume a neutral charge).
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