Tissues | Homeostasis | Bioenergetics | Fertilization | YES! I WANT MORE BIO!!!!!! |
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What is epithelial tissue
This occurs in sheets of tightly packed cells; it covers the outside of the body and lines organs and cavities within the body
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What are endotherms
these are organisms that are warmed mostly by heat they generated through their metabolism
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The amount of energy an animal uses in a unit of time
define metabolic rate
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What is Gastrula
3-layered embryo that allows the cells to interact with each other
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What is brown fat
the tissue for rapid heat production
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What is skeletal muscle because of the arrangement of contractile units along the length of the fibers
This muscle is also called striated muscle
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What is the hypothalamus
nerve cells that control thermoregulation and other aspects of homeostasis are concentrated in a region of the brain called the ________
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What is Bioenergetics
the flow of energy through an animal
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What is Holoblastic cleavage
A type of cleavage that has little yolk
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Hibernation and Estivation
Name two adaptations that are often triggered by seasonal changes
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What are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous
these are the four categories of tissues
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What is insulation
This reduces the flow of heat between an animal and it’s environment and lowers the energy cost of keeping warm
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What are size(the amount of energy it takes to maintain each gram of body weight) and activity of the animal
these are the two main influences on metabolic rate
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What is a blastula
This is a hollow ball of cells
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Homeostasis
The term that Mrs. Nettuno uses frequently... HINT: 8th letter of the alphabet
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What are collagenous(nonelastic), elastic, and reticular (thin and branched)
these are the 3 kinds of connective tissue fibers
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What are vasodilation and vasoconstriction
circulatory adaptations for heat loss and gain: Elevated blood flow in the skin results from_______, while a decrease in blood flow in the skin is from_______
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What are Endothermy and ectothermy
Name two bioenergetic strategies
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It resists the entry of an additional sperm
This is the function of a fertilization envelope
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What is zona pellucida?
the extracellular matrix of a mammalian egg
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What is cartilage
this is a type of connective tissue that has an abundance of collagenous fibers embedded in a rubbery matrix made of a protein-carbohydrate complex called chondroitin sulfate
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When certain hormones can cause mitochondria to increase their metabolic activity and produce heat instead of ATP
What is nonshivering thermogenesis
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What is SMR (standard metabolic rate)
the metabolic rate of a resting ectotherm
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What is injection of Ca2+ or temperature shock
This can artificially activate unfertilized eggs
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What is acrosome
This is the vesicle that discharges hydrolytic enzymes
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